Examples of 'counter ions' in a sentence
Meaning of "counter ions"
counter ions: In chemistry, counter ions are ions with charges opposite to those of another ion in a complex or salt
How to use "counter ions" in a sentence
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counter ions
The counter ions are preferably chloride ions.
X may be one or more counter ions.
The counter ions disclosed are ammonium or sodium.
Suitable pharmacologically acceptable counter ions are known to the art.
Counter ions may include metals.
X is one or more anionic counter ions to achieve electrical neutrality.
The cationic or cationisable units are combined with negatively charged counter ions.
Sodium or chloride counter ions were added to neutralize the system.
The ions participating in the reference redox couple are selected as counter ions.
Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable counter ions are known to the art.
Generally the counter ions of the salt groups are alkali metal or ammonium.
The chemical compound may include one or more negatively charged counter ions.
In medical applications the counter ions are usually sodium and calcium.
Best results are attained by the use of the phenyl and butyl phosphonium counter ions.
Other charged counter ions would be obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art.
See also
For overall charge neutrality not covalently bound counter ions are bound thereto.
Typical counter ions for the above metal ions are derived from inorganic or organic acids.
The agent is capable of dissociating into agent ions and counter ions of opposite charge.
The counter ions in the GQ are not specified in the shortened notation.
Generally a base is used which gives counter ions that may be desired for the composition.
Colistin sulphomethate sodium is a negatively charged molecular ion with positively charged sodium counter ions.
The complex can additionally contain one or several counter ions A to equalize the charge.
The counter ions represented by X are not necessarily all the same.
This provides for regenerated DMC cataysts bearing chloride counter ions.
Therefore, the use of toxic counter ions is to be discouraged.
Y is a counter ion ; and s is the number of counter ions.
Can be affected by any counter ions or electrolytes present, by pH and by.
There was enough Na xylenesulfonate for PAAS to change counter ions from TEPA to Na.
Particularly preferable counter ions are sodium ion, ammonium ion and triethanolamine.
Potassium or ethanolamine or the like is preferred as the counter ions represented by X and Y.
Preferable counter ions are halide ions, in particular chloride, bromide or iodide ions.
As branched alkyl groups, any counter ions are favorable.
Suitable anionic counter ions include halides such as chloride, acetate or nitrate.
Thus, either cations or anions are used as counter ions.
In another example, certain counter ions may be metabolic products of other substances.
Counter ions present in a salt can include any cationic, anionic, or zwitterionic species.
Particularly useful are non-nucleophilic counter ions such as tetrafluoroborate.
The counter ions used in this resin could be bicarbonate, carbonate or hydroxyl.
Co-ions are rejected by membranes and counter ions pass through the membranes.
Ion-exchange membranes are electrically conductive because of their ability to exchange counter ions.
Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable counter ions include acetate, HCl, and citrate.
Presence of counter ions such as sulfate, hydroxide and fluoride may also increase solubility.
An electrolytic reactor as defined in claim 4, wherein said counter ions are polyvalent metal cations.
In some embodiment, counter ions may adjust the hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of the complex.
Method of claim 12 in which such polymer contains quaternary ammonium substituents and halide counter ions.
Examples of alkali metals serving as counter ions include lithium, potassium and sodium.
Suitable counter ions are those which give rise to the formation of storage-stable solids.
X -, if present, is one or more anionic counter ions to achieve electrical neutrality.
Suitable counter ions Y include those which give rise to the formation of storage-stable solids.
D represents the number of counter ions and is typically from 1 to 5.
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